Take A Sad Plot & Make It Better

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# Take A Sad Plot & Make It Better

## A Case Study with R and ggplot2

### Alison Hill &#183; RStudio

#### R-Ladies Melbourne Meetup &#183; 2019-09-26

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# Find me at...

[ @apreshill](http://twitter.com/apreshill) 
[ @apreshill](http://github.com/apreshill) 
[ alison.rbind.io](https://alison.rbind.io) 
[ alison@rstudio.com](mailto:alison@rstudio.com)

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# Autism prevalence

.footnote[
https://ourworldindata.org/neurodevelopmental-disorders
]

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# Autism prevalence

.footnote[[Nature](https://www.nature.com/articles/479022a)]
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# Autism prevalence

.footnote[[Autism Speaks](https://www.autismspeaks.org/science-news/cdc-increases-estimate-autisms-prevalence-15-percent-1-59-children)]
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# California: 1931 to 2014

.footnote[
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3670-2
]

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# `v1.ppt`

# 🎶 .fancy[Hey, Jude, don't make it bad...] 🎶

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# Blameless postmortem

.pull-left[
![](images/version1.png)
]

.pull-right[
- 😃 Pink < green- always under-estimating.

- 😏 More dots in the pink blob - more people are getting services, but...

- 😬 The "true" prevalence (total number of dots) looks different. It is actually the same at both time points!

- 😳 I actually like the dots! And I return to this later.
]

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# What is the message?

Is there an autism epidemic? Based on the data available, we don't know!

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# What is the medium?

A book chapter, but also presentations like this one!

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# `v2.doc`

# 🎶 .fancy[Take a sad (plot) and make it better...] 🎶

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![](images/beatles-face-palm.gif)

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# Full-of-blame postmortem

.pull-left[
![](images/version2.png)
]

.pull-right[

- 😡 Franken-plot

- 🍬-coated pies
]

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# `v3 <- ggplot()`

# 🎶 .fancy[Then you'll begin to make it better...] 🎶

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![](images/beatles-help.gif)

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# Asking for help

.pull-left[
![](images/help-me-viz-logo.jpg)
]

.pull-right[
Help Me Viz

[https://policyviz.com/helpmeviz/](https://policyviz.com/helpmeviz/)

*"A place to facilitate discussion, debate, and collaboration from the data visualization community"*
]

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![](images/help-me-newcat.png)

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# I can use ggplot2!

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```r
set.seed(1000)
asdpop_base <- tibble::tibble(
 time1 = sample(1:100, 100, replace = F), 
 time2 = time1) %>% 
 tidyr::gather(x, y, time1:time2, factor_key = TRUE) 
asdpop_base
```

```
# A tibble: 200 x 2
 x y
 <fct> <int>
 1 time1 33
 2 time1 76
 3 time1 12
 4 time1 68
 5 time1 50
 6 time1 7
 7 time1 70
 8 time1 55
 9 time1 20
10 time1 24
# … with 190 more rows
```

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```r
asdpop <- asdpop_base %>% 
 mutate(services = as.factor(case_when(
 x == "time1" & y <= 30 ~ 1, 
 x == "time1" & y > 30 ~ 0, 
 x == "time2" & y <= 60 ~ 1, 
 TRUE ~ 0
 )))
asdpop
```

```
# A tibble: 200 x 3
 x y services
 <fct> <int> <fct> 
 1 time1 33 0 
 2 time1 76 0 
 3 time1 12 1 
 4 time1 68 0 
 5 time1 50 0 
 6 time1 7 1 
 7 time1 70 0 
 8 time1 55 0 
 9 time1 20 1 
10 time1 24 1 
# … with 190 more rows
```

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.footnote[Art by [Desirée De Leon](http://desiree.rbind.io/), [CC-BY-NC-ND](https://tinystats.github.io/teacups-giraffes-and-statistics/)]
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<img src="figs/bar6-1.png" width="60%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

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# `rep("better", 40)`

# 🎶 better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better, better...🎶

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# Why I ❤️ ggplot2

![](images/beatles-rotation.gif)

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.footnote[Artwork by [@allison_horst](https://twitter.com/allison_horst)]
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.footnote[Artwork by [@allison_horst](https://twitter.com/allison_horst)]

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.pull-right[

## Thanks!

Slide theme developed by [Desirée De Leon](http://desiree.rbind.io/).

Slides created via the R package [**xaringan**](https://github.com/yihui/xaringan).

The chakra comes from [remark.js](https://remarkjs.com), [**knitr**](http://yihui.name/knitr), and [R Markdown](https://rmarkdown.rstudio.com).

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

To view a copy of this license, visit:

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

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